I agree that the problem is not error recovery, but is more generaly described by Peter Naur's "Programming as Theory Building"[1]. With that, programming is hard because creating a theory, collectively, and teaching other people about it, is hard. Making it easier is therefore solving the problem Douglas Engelbart envisioned solving: Augmenting the Human Intellect

[1] http://catenary.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/naurs-programming-a...