I think C++ is a fine choice right now for a whole lot of things, though in most cases I think C is also a reasonable choice and there are tradeoffs between the two depending on the goals of the specific project (rather than the type of project).

So here's my list: A compression library, a crypto library, a numerical library, a video game, high frequency trading system, a high performance application server, a webserver, a database, a storage or caching system, an operating system, device drivers, a web browser, a VM, a programming language.